Microplastic-like particles in the black sea urchin Arbacia nigra (Molina, 1782) (Echinoidea: Arbaciidae) from three beaches on the central coast of Peru
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/2346075X.6414Keywords:
coastal marine environment, biomonitoring, marine pollution, bioindicators, plastic waste, invertebrates.Abstract
Introduction. The black sea urchin Arbacia nigra (Molina, 1782) (Echinoidea: Arbaciidae) is part of Peru’s marine biodiversity. Objective. To characterize and quantify microplastic-like particles (MLPs) in A. nigra from three beaches on the central coast of Peru. Materials and methods. A total of 77 individuals of A. nigra were collected from El Boquerón (Pucusana), La Arenilla (La Punta), and Bahía Blanca (Ventanilla). Morphometric parameters were evaluated, and procedures for extraction, physical identification, and morphological characterization of MLPs were applied. Results. Significant differences among beaches were detected in test diameter (TD), total weight (TW), and gonad weight, with the highest values recorded at La Punta. A total of 905 MLPs were recovered, equivalent to 11.75 MLPs per individual. In general, no significant correlations were observed between TD or TW and MLP abundance; however, at La Punta, TW was positively correlated with MLP abundance in the intestine and in the whole individual. Sea urchins from Ventanilla showed lower MLP abundance per individual than those from Pucusana and La Punta. At La Punta and Ventanilla, gonads contained a higher abundance of MLPs than coelomic fluid. Fragments and fibers predominated, mainly yellow, blue, and red. MLPs <500 µm were the most abundant. Conclusions. Sea urchins from Ventanilla showed lower MLP abundance than those from Pucusana and La Punta. Fragments and fibers predominated, mainly yellow, blue, and red, and MLP abundance decreased as particle size increased. These findings highlight the need to strengthen plastic waste management in marine-coastal areas and to expand studies involving organisms from different trophic levels to better understand the associated ecological risks.
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