Fenômeno da segunda vítima: impacto no profissional de saúde, responsabilidade organizacional e estratégias de suporte
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.5072Palavras-chave:
Pessoal de Saúde, Erros Médicos, Gestão da Segurança, Trauma Psicológico, Segurança do PacienteResumo
Highlights
- O fenômeno da Segunda Vítima afeta equipes da saúde em todo o mundo, mas por vezes, segue de forma invisível para gestores e sociedade.
- A ocorrência de erros desencadeia reações psicológicas, cognitivas e/ou físicas nos profissionais envolvidos, e a recuperação depende de fatores individuais, organizacionais e de liderança.
- As instituições de saúde e os líderes devem adotar políticas e práticas que promovam uma cultura de segurança, estimulando a notificação de erros sem punições, com suporte emocional e psicológico adequado às Segundas Vítimas.
- O treinamento e preparo das equipes de saúde para entenderem o fenômeno da Segunda Vítima e os suportes oferecidos a esses profissionais, são tão importantes quanto o relato de erros.
Práticas inseguras e incidentes que resultam em desfechos negativos para os pacientes podem gerar vítimas potenciais. Embora os pacientes sejam as primeiras e óbvias vítimas, os trabalhadores sofrem pelos mesmos erros, no sentido de que ficam traumatizados após o evento1, eles são as segundas vítimas2. O termo "segunda vítima" (SV) foi inicialmente descrito por Wu (2000), propondo que os médicos que cometem erros também precisam de ajuda. Posteriormente, Scott ampliou o conceito, propondo que as SVs são profissionais envolvidos num erro em saúde3. Recentemente, um consenso internacional propôs que SV pode ser qualquer trabalhador da saúde, direta ou indiretamente envolvido em um Evento Adverso (EA), erro não intencional ou lesão relacionado ao paciente, e que se torna vitimizado no sentido de também ser impactado negativamente4.
Como citar este artigo: Martins, Maristela Santini; De Rezende, Helena; Quadrado, Ellen Regina Sevilla; De Paula, Andresa Gomes; Carmo, Hércules de Oliveira; Nascimento, Vagner Ferreira do. Fenômeno da segunda vítima: impacto no profissional de saúde, responsabilidade organizacional e estratégias de suporte. Revista Cuidarte. 2025;16(2):e5072. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.5072
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