Agrupamiento y Pronóstico de los Precios de la Carne de Res mediante WPGMA y Regresión en Series Temporales

Autores/as

  • Fachrian Bimantoro Putra Statistics Study Program, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4034-2251
  • Sri Wahyuningsih Statistics Study Program, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-8432
  • Andrea Tri Rian Dani Statistics Study Program, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1949-3215

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15649/2346075X.5312

Palabras clave:

Precio de la carne de res, Variación estacional, PCA, TSR, WPGMA

Resumen

Introducción. La carne de res es la segunda proteína de origen animal más consumida en Indonesia, después del pollo. Su demanda aumenta durante las festividades de Eid al-Fitr y Eid al-Adha, lo que genera incrementos estacionales en los precios y representa un desafío para el mantenimiento de la estabilidad de precios, agravado por las diferencias regionales. Objetivos. Agrupar las provincias de Indonesia según las tendencias mensuales de los precios de la carne de res mediante clustering de series de tiempo y realizar pronósticos a nivel de grupo utilizando modelos de regresión de series de tiempo que incorporen los efectos de Eid al-Fitr y Eid al-Adha, con el fin de apoyar una formulación de políticas más eficiente. Materiales y métodos. Se aplicó Análisis de Componentes Principales para optimizar el conjunto de datos previo al agrupamiento mediante el algoritmo Weighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (WPGMA), utilizando como medida de similitud la distancia basada en la Función de Autocorrelación. Posteriormente, se emplearon modelos de regresión de series de tiempo con variables dummy para capturar los efectos de las festividades en cada clúster. Resultados. Se identificaron cinco clústeres óptimos, con un coeficiente de silueta de 0,61. Los pronósticos presentaron valores de MAPE en la muestra entre 1,05 % y 5,15 %, y todos los clústeres mostraron una tendencia creciente de precios entre septiembre de 2023 y agosto de 2024. Conclusiones. El enfoque de pronóstico basado en agrupamiento simplifica el análisis regional de precios y contribuye a intervenciones de política pública más focalizadas y precisas para la estabilización del precio de la carne de res en Indonesia.

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Publicado

2026-02-07

Cómo citar

Putra, F. B., Wahyuningsih, S. ., & Dani, A. T. R. (2026). Agrupamiento y Pronóstico de los Precios de la Carne de Res mediante WPGMA y Regresión en Series Temporales. Innovaciencia, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.15649/2346075X.5312

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