Potencial terapéutico de nanopartículas biosintetizadas a partir de especies de Echinacea en aplicaciones biológicas

Autores/as

  • Wajiha Hasan Ziauddin University
  • Khizra Sohail University of Karachi
  • Nabeela Mahmood University of Chakwal
  • Huma Qureshi University of Chakwal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7120-4893
  • Tauseef Anwar The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
  • Muhammad Anas Awan Hamdard University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15649/2346075X.5232

Palabras clave:

nanopartículas basadas en Echinacea, nanotecnología biomédica, innovaciones terapéuticas, modulación inmune, resistencia antimicrobiana

Resumen

Introducción. Las especies de Echinacea, especialmente Echinacea purpurea, contienen compuestos bioactivos con propiedades antimicrobianas, antioxidantes e inmunomoduladoras. Al formularse en nanopartículas, pueden superar limitaciones de solubilidad, estabilidad y biodisponibilidad, potenciando su valor terapéutico frente a la resistencia antimicrobiana, el estrés oxidativo, la desregulación inmunitaria y el cáncer. Objetivo. Sintetizar la evidencia disponible sobre las propiedades fisicoquímicas y las aplicaciones biomédicas de nanostructuras derivadas de Echinacea. Métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en PubMed, Google Scholar y ScienceDirect siguiendo PRISMA. Se incluyeron estudios revisados por pares en inglés que describieran nanopartículas basadas en Echinacea con efectos biomédicos reportados. Se excluyeron trabajos no revisados por pares o en otros idiomas. El cribado se hizo en dos etapas y los datos sobre propiedades, métodos analíticos y resultados biológicos se sintetizaron de forma narrativa. De 2.862 registros, 22 cumplieron los criterios. Resultados. Las nanopartículas derivadas de Echinacea muestran actividades biológicas multifuncionales. Los sistemas inorgánicos presentaron efectos antimicrobianos, antioxidantes y anticancerígenos, influenciados por parámetros como tamaño, cristalinidad y química superficial. Los sistemas poliméricos y lipídicos mejoraron estabilidad, retención de bioactivos y viabilidad celular. Los sistemas híbridos, como nanofibras electrohiladas, combinaron actividad antimicrobiana y capacidad de cicatrización. Se observaron también efectos inmunomoduladores y antiinflamatorios. Conclusiones. Las formulaciones de Echinacea basadas en nanopartículas ofrecen potencial para aplicaciones biomédicas innovadoras, como recubrimientos antimicrobianos, cicatrización de heridas, inmunoterapia, liberación dirigida de fármacos y manejo de enfermedades crónicas. Su avance clínico requiere estandarizar la síntesis, evaluar la seguridad a largo plazo y aclarar mecanismos moleculares.

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Publicado

2025-12-17

Cómo citar

Hasan, W. ., Sohail, K. ., Mahmood, N. ., Qureshi, H., Anwar, T., & Awan, M. A. . (2025). Potencial terapéutico de nanopartículas biosintetizadas a partir de especies de Echinacea en aplicaciones biológicas. Innovaciencia, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.15649/2346075X.5232

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Revisión sistemática

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