Stigma and discrimination in sexually diverse nursing students: a qualitative studys
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.4043Keywords:
Students, Nursing, Social Stigma, Social Discrimination, Gender DiversityAbstract
Highlights
- Nursing students experience stigma and discrimination in classrooms and practicum sites.
- Gender stereotypes affect nursing students' experiences during their education by limiting their gender expression.
- The university community shows resistance to sexual and gender diversity, which is reflected in negative attitudes.
- Nursing students use a variety of coping strategies, from hiding their identity to empowerment.
Introduction: Sexually diverse nursing students often face situations of stigma and discrimination within the university environment, which can significantly affect their educational experience and well-being. Objective: To understand nursing students' experiences regarding stigma and discrimination due to their sexual orientation or gender identity during their academic training. Materials and Methods: A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight nursing students who identify as part of the LGBTQIA+ community. The collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis with the assistance of ATLAS.ti software. Results: The participants were aged 20 to 22 years and were in their sixth to tenth academic semester. Data analysis identified three categories: stigma and discrimination, coping strategies, and university experience. Discussion: The university community, recipients of care, and workers at practicum sites display stigmatizing and discriminatory behaviors toward nursing students who are sexually diverse and break social paradigms of what is considered normal. Conclusion: Nursing students face stigma and discrimination based on their sexual orientation or gender identity during their academic training. To navigate these situations, they adopt coping strategies ranging from concealing their identity to reclaiming words insulting. The university is perceived as a safe space for expression and personal growth.
How to cite this article: Correa Uribe Bertha Lucía, Rueda Díaz Leidy Johanna. Stigma and discrimination in sexually diverse nursing students: a qualitative study. Revista Cuidarte. 2024;15(3):e4043. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.4043
References
Osorio JMP. Estudiantes universitarios ante la diversidad. Significados del homosexual. Psicología para américa latina. 2014;(27):66–92. http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1870-350X2014000200005&lng=pt&nrm=iso
Luján Ponce N, García Villanueva C. Homofobia sutil en espacios universitarios. Reencuentro. Análisis de Problemas Universitarios. 2017;29(74):105–26. https://reencuentro.xoc.uam.mx/index.php/reencuentro/article/view/933
Bormann NL, Weber AN, Miskle B, Arndt S, Lynch AC. Sex differences in recovery capital gains post-incarceration. Subst Use Misuse. 2023;58(14):1839-46. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2023.2257303
Case MA, Eakin MN. Up-to-date guidance towards improving medication adherence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2023;17(7):539-46. https://doi.org/10.1080/17476348.2023.2239708
Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Orientaciones para eliminar el estigma y la discriminación hacia personas que consumen sustancias psicoactivas, con enfoque de género y población LGBTQIA+. Bogotá; 2021. Consulta: 14 de marzo de 2023. Disponible en: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/PP/ET/orientaciones-eliminar-estigma-discriminacion-personas-consumen-sustancias-psicoactivas-enfoque-genero-poblacion-lgtbi.pdf
Fonzo M, Cocchio S, Centomo M, Baldovin T, Buja A, Majori S, et al. Sexual and gender minorities and risk behaviours among university students in italy. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;18(21):11724.https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111724
McGraw JS, Angoff HD, Chinn J, Barnhart WR, Lee BN, Diggins E, et al. Stigma and negative mental health outcomes in sexual/gender minority youth in Utah. Current Psychology. 2023;42(7):5638–49.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01919-w
Hatzenbuehler ML, Lattanner MR, McKetta S, Pachankis JE. Structural stigma and LGBTQ+ health: a narrative review of quantitative studies. Lancet Public Health. 2024;9(2):e109-e127. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(23)00312-2
Bostwick WB, Meyer I, Aranda F, Russell S, Hughes T, Birkett M, et al. Mental Health and Suicidality Among Racially/Ethnically Diverse Sexual Minority Youths. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(6):1129-36. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2013.301749
Reyes ML. Los universitarios frente a la homofobia. El caso de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla. Sinéctica. 2016;(46):1-15. https://sinectica.iteso.mx/index.php/SINECTICA/article/view/611
Carrión JJD, Barffusón SRC, Ruíz MGL. Percepción de los estudiantes sobre la homofobia en la Universidad Veracruzana. RES: Revista de Educación Social. 2021;(32):245–65. https://eduso.net/res/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/res-32-jesyra.pdf
Espinoza Romero MA, Rodríguez Jiménez JR. Estudiantes LGBT+ y profesores universitarios. Prácticas de inclusión y exclusión en la educación superior. Voces y silencios: Revista Latinoamericana de Educación. 2020;11(2):7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18175/VyS11.2.2020.1
O'Brien BC, Harris IB, Beckman TJ, Reed DA, Cook DA. Standards for reporting qualitative research: a synthesis of recommendations. Acad Med. 2014;89(9):1245-51. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000000388
Fuster Guillen DE. Investigación cualitativa: Método fenomenológico hermenéutico. Propós Represent.Propós Represent. 2019;7(1):201-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20511/pyr2019.v7n1.267
Creswell JW, Creswell JD. Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications; 2017.
Worrell S, Waling A, Anderson J, Lyons A, Pepping CA, Bourne A. The nature and impact of informal mental health support in an LGBTQ context: exploring peer roles and their challenges. Sex Res Social Policy. 2022;19(4):1586–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-021-00681-9
Forero R, Nahidi S, De Costa J, Mohsin M, Fitzgerald G, Gibson N, et al. Application of four-dimension criteria to assess rigour of qualitative research in emergency medicine. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18(1):120. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-2915-2
Correa B; Rueda-Díaz L. Estigma y discriminación en estudiantes de enfermería sexualmente diversos. Mendeley Data. 2024;1. https://doi.org/10.17632/h94h8cysns.1
Ministerio de Salud de Colombia. Resolución N° 008430.Congreso de la República sobre las consideraciones éticas para la investigación con seres humanos. 1993. Consulta: 11 de marzo de 2022. Disponible en: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/DE/DIJ/RESOLUCION-8430-DE-1993.pdf
Prankumar SK, Aggleton P, Bryant J, Apoifis N. Lebanese, Indian and Anglo LGBTQ+ young Australians’ experiences at school and university: an analysis from the middle. J Youth Stud. 2023;1-17.https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2023.2213644
Huang YT, Chou WJ, Hang YC, Yen CF. Sexual orientation microaggression experiences and coping responses of lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals in Taiwan: a qualitative study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(3):2304. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032304
Lozano Guzmán LC. Entre el anonimato y la homofobia: significados de la homosexualidad en estudiantes de enfermería. [Tesis pregrado en Enfermería] Santa Marta: Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia; 2019. Consulta: 11 de marzo de 2022. Disponible en: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/11670
Piña Osorio JM, Aguayo Rousell HB. Homofobia en estudiantes universitarios de México. Región y sociedad. 2015;27(64):5–35. https://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/regsoc/v27n64/v27n64a1.pdf
Zamanzadeh V, Valizadeh L, Negarandeh R, Monadi M, Azadi A. Factors Influencing Men Entering the Nursing Profession, and Understanding the Challenges Faced by Them: Iranian and Developed Countries’ Perspectives. Nurs Midwifery Stud. 2013;2(4):49-56. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4228905/
Pachankis JE. The psychological implications of concealing a stigma: a cognitive-affective-behavioral model. Psychol Bull. 2007;133(2):328-45. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.2.328
Bianchi M, Carnaghi A, Fasoli F, Rusconi P, Fantoni C. From self to ingroup reclaiming of homophobic epithets: A replication and extension of Galinsky et al.’s (2013) model of reappropriation. J Exp Soc Psychol. 2024;111:1-8https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104583
Chan ASW, Wu D, Lo IPY, Ho JMC, Yan E. Diversity and inclusion: Impacts on psychological wellbeing among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer communities. Front Psychol. 2022;13:726343.https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.726343
Russell ST, Bishop MD, Saba VC, James I, Ioverno S. Promoting school safety for LGBTQ and all students. Policy Insights Behav Brain Sci. 2021;8(2):160–6. https://doi.org/10.1177/23727322211031938
Pontón YD, Narváez VPD, Andrade BM, Terán JJL, Reyes-Reyes A, Calzadilla-Núñez A. Working nurses’ empathy with patients in public hospitals. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2023;31:e3968 https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.6591.3968
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
Funding data
-
Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Extensión, Universidad Industrial de Santander
Grant numbers FS202204
Altmetrics
Downloads
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Cuidarte
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Journal Cuidarte, scientific publication of open access, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
Any other form of use such as reproduction, transformation, public communication or distribution, for profit, requires the prior authorization of the University of Santander UDES.
The names and e-mail addresses entered in the Journal Cuidarte will be used exclusively for the purposes stated by this magazine and will not be available for any other purpose or other person.
The articles published in the Journal Cuidarte represent the criteria of their authors and do not necessarily constitute the official opinion of the University of Santander UDES.
