Análise das infecções associadas à assistência à saúde antes e durante a pandemia de COVID-19 em um hospital colombiano

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.3624

Palavras-chave:

Infecções Associadas ao Sistema de Saúde, Resistência a Antibióticos, Serviços de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar, COVID-19

Resumo

Introdução: As infeções associadas aos cuidados de saúde representam um desafio significativo, contribuindo para a morbilidade e mortalidade hospitalar.   Objetivo: Descrever o comportamento das Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde antes e durante a pandemia notificadas a uma instituição de saúde de alta complexidade na Colômbia. Material e Métodos: Em nosso estudo observacional retrospectivo sobre Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS), analisamos dados de todos os pacientes internados com diagnóstico de IRAS entre 2018 e 2020. Isso incluiu informações clínicas, demográficas, microbiológicas e de suscetibilidade microbiana coletadas do Comitê no banco de dados prospectivo de infecções hospitalares. Os dados de 391 isolados foram obtidos utilizando o software Whonet para vigilância da resistência antimicrobiana. Resultados:  Foram encontrados 504 casos de IRAS (2018-2020) com taxa global de infecção hospitalar de 2,55/1.000 pacientes-dia. A idade média para pacientes pediátricos foi de 5 anos, para adultos 56 anos, sendo 57% do sexo masculino. Os principais diagnósticos de admissão foram complicações  de doenças oncológicas (31%). A bacteremia teve uma taxa de mortalidade em 30 dias de 13%, predominantemente   associada ao cateter (37%). Bacilos Gram-negativos, notadamente Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, representaram 58% dos casos de IRAS. Discussão: É destacada a necessidade crítica de intervenções específicas e gestão antimicrobiana para controlar as IACS, especialmente tendo em conta os desafios colocados pela pandemia da COVID-19. Conclusões: Este é o primeiro relatório sobre a incidência de IRAS em um hospital terciário em Bucaramanga, Santander (Colômbia). A bacteremia foi predominante; 75% dos pacientes com IRAS apresentavam comorbidades. Prevaleceram bacilos Gram-negativos; um aumento notável nas infecções respiratórias em UTI ocorreu durante a pandemia de COVID-19 de 2020. A resistência à cefalosporina e aos carbapenêmicos foi prevalente.

Como citar este artículo: Wintaco Luz M, Quintero-Lesmes Doris C, Vargas-Soler José A, Barrera Diego M, Palacio Laura N, Granados Ulises, Uribe Luis G “Analysis Healthcare Infections before and during of COVID-19 pandemic in a Colombian hospital”. Revista Cuidarte. 2024;15(1):e3624.  http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.3624

Biografia do Autor

Luz M. Wintaco, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia. Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

 School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia. Nuclear Medicine Unit, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Doris C. Quintero-Lesmes, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga Colombia.

Research Center, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

José A. Vargas-Soler, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia. Infection Control Committee, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Diego M. Barrera, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Infection Control Committee, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia. Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Laura N. Palacio, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Ulises Granados, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Nuclear Medicine Unit, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Luis G. Uribe, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Infection Control Committee, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia. Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

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Publicado

2024-04-09

Como Citar

1.
Wintaco LM, Quintero-Lesmes DC, Vargas-Soler JA, Barrera DM, Palacio LN, Granados U, et al. Análise das infecções associadas à assistência à saúde antes e durante a pandemia de COVID-19 em um hospital colombiano. Revista Cuidarte [Internet]. 9º de abril de 2024 [citado 21º de novembro de 2024];15(1). Disponível em: https://revistas.udes.edu.co/cuidarte/article/view/3624

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