Dieta isenta de glúten e caseína no transtorno do espectro autista: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v9i1.485Palabras clave:
Transtorno do Espectro Autista, Glútens, Caseínas, Revisão, Nutrição.Resumen
Introdução: A dieta sem glúten e sem caseína é uma prática comum no Transtorno do Espectro Autista, mas sem consenso quanto ao seu benefício clínico ou cognitivo. Objetivo: Revisar sistematicamente a literatura que avalia a isenção de glúten e/ou caseína da dieta para indivíduos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Materiais e Métodos: Revisão sistemática de literatura analisando estudos originais disponíveis até dezembro/2016 nas bases de dados: PubMed, SciELO, LILACS e BDENF. Os termos usados para a pesquisa foram: autismo, espectro autista, autismo e sem glúten, autismo e dieta livre de caseína. Para melhor direcionamento da busca de dados foi utilizado o método PICO (população, intervenção, comparação e desfecho). Resultados: No total, foram incluídos 22 artigos, sendo 13 ensaios clínicos randomizados, 4 estudos de caso, 4 transversais e 1 coorte. Do total, 15 encontraram uma associação positiva de intervenção para os resultados avaliados e 7 não encontraram associação significativa. Discussão: Foi encontrada grande variabilidade do tamanho amostral, idade, tempo de intervenção, cegamento, controle ou análise dietética mais apurada. Conclusões: não há evidências científicas para apoiar o uso de uma dieta livre de glúten e caseína em pacientes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Há necessidade de novos estudos bem delineados, principalmente ensaios clínicos randomizados bem controlados, cegos, com cálculos amostrais que permitam um poder de observação apropriado, para maior segurança nessa prática.
Como citar este artigo: Dias EC, Rocha JS, Ferreira GB, Pena GG. Dieta isenta de glúten e caseína no transtorno do espectro autista: uma revisão sistemática. Rev Cuid. 2018; 9(1): 2059-73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v9i1.485
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