The Factors associated with the onset of sexual activity in adolescents: Analytic cross-sectional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.3304Keywords:
Adolescents, Risk Factors, Sexual ActivityAbstract
Highlights
- Sexual activity onset during adolescence was common in the study population, with a higher prevalence in men than in women.
- The use of psychoactive substances poses a greater risk in terms of the onset of sexual activity, as well as for family and criminal problems.
- Educational and health institutions can re-direct actions if they recognize the risk factors related to the onset of sexual activity and can identify individual and collective awareness strategies.
- Public health interventions in educational institutions regarding comprehensive sexual education are needed to prevent the problems of sexually transmitted diseases and teenage pregnancy.
Introduction: Different physical, social, affective, and sexual changes take place during adolescence, such as the sexual debut. Objective: To explore the factors associated with the onset of sexual activity in adolescents attending school (12–16 years) in Bucaramanga. Materials and Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study included 440 adolescents from a public school. An instrument developed by Latin American Center for Perinatology - History of Adolescents was applied, and descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted using a binomial regression model adjusted by age and sex, with sexual activity onset as the outcome and possible associated factors as exposures. Results: The prevalence of the onset of sexual activity was 22.27% (95% CI: 18.56–26.46). Factors associated with greater prevalence of sexual activity onset were having a criminal record and partner PR=3.24, (95%CI: 2.60–4.05) and PR=2.00, (95%CI: 1.42–2.82), respectively. Male gender PR=1.19, (95% CI: 0.84–1.67), using tobacco PR=1.23 (95% CI: 0.73–2.06), alcohol consumption PR=1.23, (95% CI: 0.73–2.06), and other psychoactive substance use PR=1.78, (95% CI: 0.99–3.19) were risk factors; meanwhile, socializing with friends was a protective factor PR=0.27, (95% CI: 0.20–0.36). Discussion: Follow-up by parents and school support decrease the risk of adolescent sexual activity onset. Furthermore, interventions in the family and school settings are important. Conclusion: There are conditions that could promote the beginning of sexual activity in adolescence such as being male, having a partner, having a criminal record, smoking, and consuming alcohol or other substances could promote adolescent sexual activity onset, while socializing with friends was found to be a protective factor.
How to cite this article: Sepúlveda Sepúlveda Nancy Milena; Cáceres Rivera Diana Isabel; López Romero Luis Alberto; Díaz Wandurraga Martha Jeannette. Factors associated with the onset of sexual activity in adolescents: Analytic cross-secctional. Revista Cuidarte. 2024;15(1):e3304. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.3304
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