Escala para la medición del riesgo de infección asociada a la atención en salud en pacientes adultos: desarrollo y validación de contenido
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i2.771Keywords:
Medición de Riesgo, Estudios de Validación, Control de Infecciones, Seguridad del PacienteAbstract
Introducción: El ambiente hospitalario envuelve diferentes factores de riesgo relacionados con las infecciones asociadas a la atención sanitaria (IAAS). Un método que contribuye a la prevención y control es la identificación de riesgos que permita la implementación de medidas preventivas. Se cree que dicha identificación se puede llevar a cabo mediante el uso de escalas. El presente estudio intenta desarrollar y validar la validez aparente y el contenido de una nueva escala para medir el riesgo de IAAS en adultos hospitalizados. Materiales y Métodos: Se condujo un estudio metodológico para el desarrollo y la validación aparente y de contenido de la escala de Evaluación de Riesgos de Infección en Pacientes Adultos, la cual se sometió a evaluación por parte de un comité compuesto por 23 expertos con experiencia en IAAS. Se probó la validez de la escala mediante el Índice de Validez de Contenido (IVC). Resultados: Se conservaron 15 ítems de la escala y se agruparon en dos dimensiones: factores intrínsecos y factores extrínsecos. Se necesitaron realizar unos pequeños ajustes para mejorar la claridad de algunos ítems. El IVC de los ítems se ubicó entre 0,83 a 1,0 y el IVC medio de la escala fue de 0,90. Discusión: La escala de Evaluación de Riesgo de Infección en Pacientes Adultos se puede emplear como una tecnología de bajo costo en la medición del riesgo de infección, lo que permite la planeación de intervenciones más precisas y organizadas de parte del equipo de atención médica con el ánimo de prevenir y proveer un cuidado seguro durante la hospitalización. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos soportaron la validación aparente y de contenido de la Escala de Evaluación de iesgo de Infecciones en Pacientes Adultos.
How to cite this article: Rodríguez-Acelas AL, Cañon-Montañez W, Almeida MA. Scale for measurement of healthcare-associated infection risk in adult patients: development and content validation. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(2): e771. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i2.771
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