Intervenções não farmacológicas para efeitos colaterais da quimioterapia antineoplásica priorizados pelos pacientes: revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.3612Palavras-chave:
Terapias Complementares, Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos, Oncologia Integrativa, Sinais e SintomasResumo
Introdução: Diferentes intervenções não farmacológicas têm sido estudadas para o manejo dos sintomas decorrentes da quimioterapia, mas sua eficácia é desconhecida. Objetivo: Descrever intervenções não farmacológicas para o manejo dos sintomas secundários à quimioterapia antineoplásica em adultos. Materiais e Métodos: Revisão sistemática de estudos analíticos experimentais e observacionais (2021 a 2023). A seleção dos estudos e a extração dos dados foram realizadas paralelamente. As discrepâncias foram resolvidas com um terceiro revisor. O risco de viés foi avaliado por meio das ferramentas Risk Of Bias (RoB) e Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). A síntese da literatura foi realizada de forma descritiva por desfecho priorizado. Resultados: Os desfechos priorizados foram neutropenia, dor, neuropatia, náuseas, vômitos, alopecia, anorexia e distúrbios do sono. Foram encontradas 7.520 referências, 62 incluídas para análise. A acupressão mostrou possível efeito no controle de sintomas como náuseas e vômitos. A intervenção fria no couro cabeludo mostrou diferenças nos estágios de gravidade da alopecia. As demais intervenções apresentaram heterogeneidade. Discussão: Intervenções não farmacológicas têm sido amplamente descritas em estudos observacionais e experimentais no controle dos efeitos colaterais da quimioterapia, porém há homogeneidade e alto risco de viés. Conclusão: Acupressão, massagem muscular, musicoterapia, escalda-pés, entre outras, são as intervenções que têm sido estudadas para náuseas, vômitos, distúrbios do sono, neutropenia, alopecia, anorexia, dor e neuropatia como sintomas secundários priorizados pelos pacientes. É necessário padronizar tanto as intervenções quanto a forma de medir os resultados.
Como citar este artigo: Gómez-Neva María Elizabeth, Pulido Ramirez Edwin, Ibañez Rodriguez Leidy Johana, Caroprese Oscar, Buitrago-Lopez Adriana. Intervenciones no farmacológicas para efectos secundarios a la quimioterapia antineoplásica priorizados por pacientes: revisión sistemática. Revista Cuidarte. 2024;15(3):e3612. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.3612
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