Design of a Resilient and Eco-friendly Microgrid for a Commercial Building
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/2346030X.919Palabras clave:
Análisis ambiental, HOMER Grid, Microrred, FV batería, ResilienciaResumen
Los desastres naturales recientes, como los huracanes Harvey y María, han causado una gran interrupción en la red eléctrica. Por otra parte, las autoridades gubernamentales se han fijado metas ambiciosas para reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Por lo tanto, existe un interés creciente en hacer que los sistemas de energía eléctrica sean más resilientes y con un impacto mínimo al medio ambiente. En este trabajo, se utilizó el software HOMER Grid para modelar microrredes que se contienen sistemas fotovoltaicos, baterías de ión-litio, generadores de gas natural y la carga eléctrica de un edificio de oficinas que consume un promedio de 2 MWh por día. Se modificaron los tamaños de los componentes para determinar la configuración con el generador más pequeño que pudiera suministrar energía durante un corte de energía de dos días en verano. Se realizaron análisis ambientales y económicos para mostrar las diferencias entre los diferentes objetivos de diseño del sistema. Los resultados indican que la instalación de una microrred en un edificio de oficinas con un arreglo fotovoltaico de 600 kW y una batería de ión-litio de 2.8 MWh puede evitar la emisión de hasta 287 toneladas de CO2 por año. La misma configuración de microrred puede soportar un apagón de dos días durante la mayor demanda eléctrica en la temporada de huracanes sin la necesidad de un generador de respaldo. Las microrredes jugarán un papel importante en la transición a una red inteligente porque proporcionan energía confiable, hacen que el sistema sea más tolerante a fallas de la red y permiten una alta penetración de energía renovable en la red eléctrica, lo que en consecuencia reduce el impacto ambiental.
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