The quality of life of people with multiple sclerosis in Portugal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2841Keywords:
Multiple Sclerosis, Quality of Life, Patients, Demyelinating Diseases, Central Nervous SystemAbstract
Highlights
- The interest in the quality of life of people suffering from multiple sclerosis in Portugal is relatively recent, and the impact of this condition has been confined to the assessment of the disability it causes among patients.
- Multiple sclerosis is considered the most frequent non-traumatic cause of disability among young adults aged between 20 and 40, and evidence shows that the highest incidence is observed among women.
- The variables with the highest predictive weight are those that have a negative impact on the physical domain and the social domain, both explaining 59.00% and 53.00% of the variability, respectively.
- Understanding the quality of life of people with multiple sclerosis and its associated variables enables the implementation of specific and effective nursing care programmes designed to promote patient well-being.
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis significantly affects the quality of life of those suffering from this specific condition. Objective: To assess the quality of life of people with multiple sclerosis and analyse the correlation between the disease and its associated effects and different sociodemographic, clinical, and functional variables. Materials and Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational and quantitative study conducted using a non-probabilistic convenience sample composed of 70 patients suffering from multiple sclerosis registered with the Multiple Sclerosis Association of the Central Region of Portugal. The data collection protocol included sociodemographic and clinical questions, the Family Apgar Scale, and the Barthel Index. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to process the data. Data collection took place between April and July 2021. Results: The majority of participants reported a moderate overall quality of life (M=51,78 ± 24,09). Higher scores were observed in the social relationships and environmental health domains, while lower scores were recorded for the physical domain. Better quality of life was found to be positively associated with being under 45 years old, having higher educational qualifications, living in functional families, and experiencing greater functional independence in activities of daily living. Discussion: The variables with the strongest association were those capable of influencing the physical and social domains. Those variables explained 59.00% and 53.00% of the variability. Conclusions: These results indicate that people with multiple sclerosis have a compromised quality of life, highlighting the need for new strategies focusing on early diagnosis and effective preventive interventions meant to improve quality of life across all its domains.
How to cite this article: Martins Rosa, Gomes Sara, Vicente Patrícia, Carvalho Nélia, Batista Susana. The quality of life of people with multiple sclerosis in Portugal. Revista Cuidarte. 2024;15(2):e2841. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2841
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