Cuidados paliativos, cuidados em fim de vida e COVID-19: uma revisão do escopo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2601Palavras-chave:
Cuidados Paliativos, Cuidados Paliativos na Terminalidade da Vida, Infecções por Coronavirus, PandemiasResumo
Introdução: A COVID-19 exacerbou o déficit na prestação de cuidados paliativos e em fim de vida e aumentou a sobrecarga sobre os serviços de saúde, mas a extensão da literatura sobre tal tópico é desconhecida. Objetivo: Descrever as evidências sobre a prestação de cuidados paliativos e de fim de vida em adultos durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Materiais e Métodos: Revisão do escopo de acordo com a estrutura metodológica de Arksey e O'Malley. A pesquisa foi realizada em inglês e espanhol; PubMed, Scielo, a Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde e o banco de dados de pesquisa do Coronavirus. As publicações foram filtradas por título, resumo e texto completo. Os resultados foram sintetizados de acordo com a técnica gráfica. Resultados: 51 publicações foram incluídas. No total, surgiram cinco categorias: 1) caracterização dos cuidados paliativos, 2) planejamento de cuidados avançados, 3) acompanhamento de parentes e entes queridos, 4) telesaúde, 5) papel de enfermagem nos cuidados paliativos. Discussão: O custo social da pandemia se reflete no aumento da carga sobre as unidades de cuidados paliativos, maiores taxas de mortalidade e uma diminuição da idade média de morte. Estudos futuros devem abordar o impacto psicossocial sobre os entes queridos dos pacientes, bem como o impacto a nível comunitário. Conclusões: Os cuidados paliativos e de fim de vida são uma ferramenta fundamental para o cuidado de pacientes com COVID-19. A pandemia tem melhorado o desenvolvimento das tecnologias de informação e comunicação para o fornecimento de cuidados paliativos.
Como citar este artigo: Franco-Rocha Oscar Yesid, Carrillo González Gloria Mabel, Rivera-Romero Nathaly. Cuidados paliativos, cuidados de fin de vida y COVID-19: revisión de alcance. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(3):e2601. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2601
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