Factores cardiometabólicos relacionados con afecciones post-COVID-19: revisión exhaustiva
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.4290Palabras clave:
Adulto, COVID-19, Síndrome, Factores de Riesgo CardiometabólicoResumen
Introducción: El síndrome post-COVID es una patología que conlleva múltiples secuelas. Es importante identificar los factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos para prevenir las complicaciones de la condición clínica. Objetivo: Mapear la evidencia científica relacionada con los factores cardiometabólicos en afecciones de larga duración post-COVID-19. Materiales y Métodos: Revisión exploratoria con la pregunta guía: ¿Qué evidencia científica relaciona los factores cardiometabólicos con los pacientes con síndrome post-COVID-19 de larga duración? Las fuentes de información utilizadas fueron seis bases de datos del portal de revistas CAPES. Para la literatura gris, se utilizaron el catálogo de tesis y disertaciones de CAPES, la Biblioteca Digital Brasileña de Tesis y Disertaciones, la base de datos de la Biblioteca de la OMS y los repositorios medRxiv y OpenGrey. Los descriptores utilizados fueron: adulto, factores de riesgo de cardiopatía, Síndrome, SARS-CoV-2 y Covid-19, cruzados mediante los operadores booleanos AND y OR. Resultados: Se incluyeron catorce estudios. Los factores cardiometabólicos encontrados fueron: niveles anormales de triglicéridos, hemoglobina glucosilada, ferritina, procesos inflamatorios, disminución de plaquetas, fosfolípidos y células endoteliales, estrés oxidativo, mayores concentraciones de monosacáridos y reducción de polisacáridos, aumento de LDL, ALT, AST y bilirrubina, con reducción de GFR. Discusión: Los pacientes con COVID de larga duración reportan síntomas persistentes y debilitantes que afectan la recuperación, calidad de vida, actividades económicas y sociales. Además de aumento de la frecuencia cardíaca en reposo, taquicardia, palpitaciones, hipotensión, síncope, taquicardia ortostática, angina e infarto. Conclusiones: Los factores cardiometabólicos exponen la vulnerabilidad de los individuos afectados por COVID-19 de larga duración, por lo que se necesitan estrategias para reducir el impacto inflamatorio sistémico de la enfermedad y sus consecuencias clínicas.
Como citar este artículo: Cruz Neto, João; Olivindo, Vinícius Fiuza Carlos; Santos, José Arthur Guimarães dos; Silva, Kadson Araujo da; Junior, Romulo de Oliveira Sales. Fatores cardiometabólicos relacionados a condições pós Covid-19: scoping review. Revista Cuidarte. 2025;16(2):e4290. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.4920
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