Aceptación de la enfermedad, percepción de salud y niveles de desesperanza en supervivientes de ictus: Un estudio transversal y correlacional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.4588Palabras clave:
Enfermería, Accidente Cerebrovascular, Percepción, EsperanzaResumen
Introducción: Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud el ictus es una afección clínica caracterizada por el desarrollo súbito de signos y síntomas focales o globales en las funciones cerebrales y es la segunda causa de muerte y la tercera de discapacidad en todo el mundo. Objetivo: Este estudio busca determinar los niveles de aceptación de la enfermedad, la percepción de salud y la desesperanza de los supervivientes de accidentes cerebrovasculares e investigar la relación entre estas variables. Materiales y Métodos: Este estudio se realizó con 170 supervivientes de accidentes cerebrovasculares. Se recogieron datos con el «Formulario descriptivo», el «Índice Barthel modificado», la «Escala de aceptación de enfermedades», la «Escala de percepción de salud» y la «Escala de desesperanza de Beck». Los datos se analizaron con el programa SPSS 21.0. Resultados: Los participantes mostraron niveles moderados de aceptación de la enfermedad y niveles leves de desesperanza. La puntuación media de la percepción de salud fue de 50,30±0,59. Se encontró una relación significativa entre edad, educación, situación laboral, composición del hogar, duración de la enfermedad, déficits posictus y nivel de independencia, y entre la aceptación de la enfermedad, la percepción de salud y la desesperanza. Se observó que la percepción de salud y los niveles de desesperanza de los participantes disminuían a medida que aumentaba su nivel de aceptación de la enfermedad. También se observó que el aumento de los niveles de percepción de salud incrementaba los niveles de desesperanza. Discusión: Cuando se revisa la literatura, hay estudios que apoyan nuestros hallazgos en ictus y otras enfermedades crónicas, pero también hay estudios con resultados diferentes. Conclusiones: Con los resultados del estudio, se llama la atención sobre los niveles de aceptación de la enfermedad, la percepción de salud y la esperanza, de los cuales no se ha hablado mucho, pero que tienen efectos importantes en el proceso de enfermedad y rehabilitación.
Como citar este artículo: Yapar Sena Nur, Özkan Tuncay Fatma. Illness acceptance, health perception, and hopelessness levels in stroke survivors: A cross-sectional and correlational study. Revista Cuidarte. 2025;16(2): e4588. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.4588
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