Immune thrombocytopenic purpura following mRNA-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: a case report

Heiler Lozada Ramos; Ruth Aralí Martínez-Vega; Liliana Torcoroma García

doi:10.15649/cuidarte.3799

Autores

Heiler Lozada Ramos Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación Masira, Bucaramanga, Colombia. Universidad Santiago de Cali, Escuela de Medicina, Cali, Colombia.
Ruth Aralí Martínez-Vega Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación Masira, Bucaramanga, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6477-334X
Liliana Torcoroma García Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación Masira, Bucaramanga, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-9328

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.3799

Palavras-chave:

COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Vacinas de mRNA, Púrpura Trombocitopênica Autoimune, Plaquetas

Resumo

Introdução: No presente estudo, é apresentado um relato de caso de um paciente colombiano adulto do sexo masculino, sem qualquer relato anterior de trombocitopenia ou distúrbios hematológicos, que desenvolveu uma púrpura trombocitopênica autoimune leve e crônica paucissintomática, uma complicação rara após a vacinação com mRNA dos vírus SARS-CoV-2. Até onde se sabe, esse é o primeiro caso documentado na Colômbia de púrpura trombocitopênica autoimune associada a vacinas de mRNA (BNT162b2 ou mRNA-1273), com um acompanhamento clínico abrangente de dois anos. Descrição do caso: O paciente recebeu a dose inicial e a segunda dose da vacina mRNA BNT162b2 em junho de 2021, a primeira dose de reforço em novembro de 2021 (mRNA-1273) e a segunda dose de reforço (mRNA BNT162b2) em junho de 2022. A trombocitopenia (<100 x10⁹ plaquetas/L, que é o critério para definir púrpura trombocitopênica autoimune) foi documentada após a segunda dose de vacinação e ambos os reforços, e melhorou após a terapia com corticosteroides. No entanto, a trombocitopenia cíclica persistiu até o acompanhamento clínico em agosto de 2023, com a contagem de plaquetas variando de 57 a 191 x10⁹ plaquetas/L (média: 103 x10⁹ plaquetas/L). Conclusão: Dado que a púrpura trombocitopênica autoimune secundária pode ocorrer após a vacinação com mRNA dos vírus SARS-CoV-2, deve ser realizada uma pesquisa sistemática para identificar os fatores de risco associados à púrpura trombocitopênica autoimune devido à imunização contra a COVID-19.

Como citar este artigo: Lozada Ramos Heiler, Martínez-Vega Ruth Aralí, García Liliana Torcoroma. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura following mRNA-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: A case report. Revista Cuidarte. 2024;15(2):e3799. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.3799

Biografia do Autor

Heiler Lozada Ramos, Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación Masira, Bucaramanga, Colombia. Universidad Santiago de Cali, Escuela de Medicina, Cali, Colombia.

Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación Masira, Bucaramanga, Colombia. Universidad Santiago de Cali, Escuela de Medicina, Cali, Colombia. Departamento de Postgrado en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Ruth Aralí Martínez-Vega, Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación Masira, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación Masira, Bucaramanga, Colombia. MD, MSc, PhD. Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Santander. Colombia.

Liliana Torcoroma García, Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación Masira, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación Masira, Bucaramanga, Colombia. Escuela de Medicina, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

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