Fatores de risco etiológicos para infecção no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardiovascular, revisão integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.4607Palavras-chave:
Infecção, Fatores de Risco, Diagnóstico de Enfermagem, Cirurgia Cardíaca, Unidade de Terapia IntensivaResumo
Introdução: Reconhecer os elementos relacionados ao risco de infecção no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardiovascular é essencial para orientar estratégias eficazes e fortalecer o julgamento clínico. Objetivo: Identificar na literatura científica os fatores etiológicos para o diagnóstico de enfermagem risco de infecção no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardiovascular em unidade de terapia intensiva. Materiais e Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura, baseada na metodologia de Whittemore e Knafl. A busca foi realizada entre agosto e setembro de 2024 nas bases de dados Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed e Cinahl. Os descritores controlados utilizados foram: Fatores de Risco, Risco, Infecção, Diagnóstico de Enfermagem, Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardiovasculares e Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Os termos não controlados utilizados foram Risco de Infecção, Cirurgia Cardíaca e Cirurgia Cardiovascular, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português. Após o controle de qualidade, 25 artigos atenderam aos critérios para extração dos dados. Resultados: Foram identificados 36 fatores etiológicos para "risco de infecção" no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardiovascular. Destes, 14 já estavam descritos na NANDA-I e 22 novos não constam nesta taxonomia. Discussão: Os elementos relacionados ao diagnóstico revisado são agrupados em três categorias: histórico do paciente, fatores perioperatórios e fatores associados ao pós-operatório em UTI. Conclusão: A identificação de novos fatores etiológicos para o diagnóstico "risco de infecção" específicos para a população-alvo representa uma contribuição para a compreensão da causalidade deste diagnóstico e para a determinação de intervenções de enfermagem com base nos fatores etiológicos identificados durante o raciocínio diagnóstico.
Como citar este artigo: Gutiérrez Barreiro Reinaldo, Renza Molina Juan Sebastián, Cortes Motta Paula Yisseth, Tavera Sánchez Juan Pablo, Ortiz Zabaleta María Camila. Factores etiológicos de riesgo de infección en postoperatorio de cirugía cardiovascular, revisión integrativa. Revista Cuidarte. 2026;17(1):e4607. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.4607
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