Barreras y facilitadores de la adherencia a la medicación en el manejo de la diabetes entre la población de la Amazonía Brasileña
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.5207Palabras clave:
Estilo de Vida Saludable, Población Vulnerable, Enfermedades no Transmisibles, Atención Primaria de Salud, Disparidades en la Atención de SaludResumen
Introducción: La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) es una condición crónica prevalente y de impacto mundial. La adherencia a la medicación es fundamental para el control de la enfermedad, pero sigue siendo un desafío en contextos de vulnerabilidad social, como en la Amazonia brasileña. Objetivo: Identificar barreras y facilitadores de la adherencia a la medicación en el manejo de la DM2 en la población amazónica. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, realizado en Iranduba (Amazonas), con personas con DM2 y agentes comunitarios de salud (ACS). Se emplearon la técnica del World Café y entrevistas semiestructuradas. El análisis de datos se realizó en el software ATLAS.ti, empleando Análisis de Redes Temáticas. Resultados: Participaron 64 individuos (47 personas con DM2 y 17 ACS). Las barreras identificadas incluyeron dificultad para recordar los horarios de medicación, efectos adversos, falta de recursos financieros, escasez de medicamentos en la atención primaria y apoyo profesional insuficiente. Como facilitadores se destacaron estrategias de organización, compromiso con el tratamiento, poder adquisitivo, apoyo familiar y el acompañamiento de los ACS. Discusión: La adherencia medicamentosa en la diabetes está influenciada por barreras como el olvido, los efectos adversos y el acceso limitado, mientras que el apoyo familiar, la orientación profesional y las estrategias personales favorecen el tratamiento. Conclusión: La adherencia al tratamiento medicamentoso en personas con DM2 en la Amazonia está influenciada por factores intrapersonales, interpersonales y ambientales. Estrategias culturalmente adaptadas, mayor apoyo profesional y políticas públicas que garanticen la disponibilidad de medicamentos son esenciales para mejorar la atención y prevenir complicaciones.
Como citar este artículo: Andrade, Raquel Coelho de; Ueno, Thalyta Mariany Rêgo Lopes; Farias, Tiago Assunção dos Santos; Monteiro, Wagner Ferreira; Campos, Hércules Lázaro Morais; De Leon, Elisa Brosina. Barriers and facilitators of medication adherence in the management of Diabetes among the Brazilian Amazon population. Revista Cuidarte. 2026;17(1):e5207. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.5207
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