Contribuição da pesquisa em enfermagem para a luta contra a pandemia COVID- 19. Uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2545Palavras-chave:
Infecções por Coronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Cuidados de Enfermagem, Pandemias, Revisão sistemáticaResumo
Introdução: A pandemia da doença coronavírus (COVID-19) de 2019 deve ser uma oportu-nidade para garantir maior visibilidade da enfermagem nos sistemas de saúde e na sociedade em todo o mundo. Objetivo: revisar e sintetizar os padrões de pesquisa em enfermagem e COVID-19, identificando as principais revistas, país de origem, língua, tópicos, desenhos e área de aplicabilidade dos resultados. Materiais e Métodos: Uma revisão sistemática. As ba-ses de dados PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS e EMBASE foram pesquisadas (Do início da pan-demia até 15 de maio de 2020). Artigos de qualquer língua relacionados à infecção por SARS-CoV-2 ou COVID-19 e enfermagem foram incluídos em qualquer das suas funções (assistên-cia, administração, educação, entre outras) que utilizassem qualquer desenho epidemiológico ou relatório científico. Dois revisores selecionaram independentemente estudos e extraíram os dados. As principais conclusões dos estudos incluídos foram resumidas através de uma síntese narrativa e tabelas descritivas. As características dos estudos foram apresentadas em valores absolutos e proporções.
Resultados: Em 325 artigos foram avaliados os critérios de elegibili-dade e incluídos 38 publicados em 28 revistas. Destes, 53,57% (n=15) eram específicos da enfermagem. A maioria dos artigos eram "revisões narrativas", representando 23,68% (n=9). A maioria dos estudos foi realizada na China (n=18, 47,37%), seguida do Reino Unido e dos Estados Unidos. Trinta e quatro (89,47%) artigos foram publicados em inglês, seguidos de português e chinês. Identificamos cinco áreas de aplicação dos resultados e a mais frequente foi a área “clínica” com 47,00% (n=18). Discussão: Estas conclusões são cruciais para dar vi-sibilidade ao trabalho de enfermagem durante a emergência da pandemia da COVID-19. A saúde mental foi o principal tema de investigação, enquanto que o cenário clínico concentra o maior número de artigos. Este padrão foi alinhado com os desafios da fase inicial da pande-mia. Conclusão: A investigação futura deve explorar o estado atual das provas nos principais tópicos identificados nesta revisão e continuar a dar visibilidade ao trabalho realizado pela enfermagem na emergência da pandemia da COVID-19.
Como citar este artigo: Rojas LZ, Hernández Vargas JA, Trujillo-Cáceres SJ, Romero Guevara SL. Contribution of nursing research to fighting against COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(2):e2545. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2545
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