Resiliência, um preditor de empatia em estudantes de enfermagem
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.4768Palavras-chave:
Resiliência Psicológica, Empatia, Psicometria, Reprodutibilidade dos Testes, Estudantes, Educação VocacionalResumo
Introdução: Estudos que buscam predizer a empatia com base na resiliência são caracterizados por teorias incompletas de ambos os construtos e se concentram na obtenção de evidências empíricas. Objetivo: Testar se a resiliência pode predizer a empatia. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal de validade de construto. Estudantes de enfermagem colombianos foram avaliados por meio da Escala Jefferson de Empatia para Estudantes de Ciências da Saúde e da Escala de Resiliência Individual. Utilizou-se análise psicométrica (análise fatorial confirmatória, confiabilidade e invariância), e a predição foi realizada por meio de equações estruturais. Resultados: A conformidade do modelo de ambos os construtos e a confiabilidade dos dados foram verificadas. Constatou-se que algumas dimensões previram positivamente as dimensões da empatia, enquanto outras as previram negativamente. Discussão: A resiliência ecológica e a resiliência da engenharia, especificamente, predizem positivamente todas as dimensões da empatia. No entanto, a resiliência adaptativa a prediz negativamente. Esta última situação implica que os estudantes não possuem traços adaptativos suficientemente desenvolvidos para evitar um declínio nas dimensões do cuidado compassivo e de "colocar-se no lugar do paciente". Portanto, sua capacidade de se conectar emocionalmente e compreender a situação do paciente é prejudicada por um déficit nas características que permitem a adaptação à nova situação. Conclusão: O treinamento em empatia e resiliência não podem ser independentes. Pelo contrário, o efeito protetor da resiliência permite a livre expressão da empatia que o aluno desenvolveu ao longo da vida.
Como citar este artigo: Díaz-Narváez Víctor P, Vallecampo Contreras Andrea, Campos de Chavarría Johanna, Estrada-Méndez Nuvia, Sánchez de Elías Doris Alicia, Vilca Lindsey W, Reyes-Reyes Alejandro, Gamarra-Moncayo José. La resiliencia, predictor de la empatía en estudiantes de Enfermería. Revista Cuidarte. 2025;16(3):e4768. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.4768
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